Search results for " phytotoxicity"

First investigation on the phytotoxicity of fungi involved in "botriosphaeria dieback" in Sicilian vineyards

2014

Toxicity assessment and biodegradation potential of water-soluble sludge containing 2,4,6-trinitrotoluen

2013

The water-soluble phase of trinitrotoluene-containing sludge (SLP) was characterized with regard to trinitrotoluene (TNT) concentration, ecotoxicity, and a model biodegradation experiment as evaluation criteria for further development of appropriate treatment technologies. SLP contained 67.8 mg TNT/l. The results of germination and root-elongation tests indicated that SLP had a species-specific phytotoxic effect. The results of a 21 day degradation experiment demonstrated TNT conversion to 4-amino-2,6-DNT and 2-amino-4,6-DNT, with a simultaneous reduction in the total concentration of nitroaromatics. Addition of inoculum stimulated the TNT degradation process. The presence of the sludge sol…

Herbicidal Activity of Peumus boldus and Drimys winterii Essential Oils from Chile

2011

[EN] The essential oil composition of Peumus boldus and Drimys winterii was analyzed by means of capillary GC-FID and GC-MS. More than 96% of the total oil components (43 and 54 compounds, respectively) were identified, with ascaridole (51.17 ± 9.51), p-cymene (16.31 ± 2.52) and 1,8-cineole (14.45 ± 2.99) as the main compounds in P. boldus and ¿-eudesmol (21.65 ± 0.41), followed of elemol (12.03 ± 0.34) and terpinen-4-ol (11.56 ± 1.06) in D. winterii. The herbicidal activity was tested against Amaranthus hybridus and Portulaca oleracea. P. boldus essential oil was the most phytotoxic against both weeds, inhibiting seed germination and seedling growth at all concentrations assayed (0.125-1 ¿…

Current Status of Nanoclay Phytotoxicity

2018

The use of nanotechnology in several fields has created a great interest and its rapid development with application in material science, nanomedicine, medical diagnosis, computer chips, catalysis and so on. The use of nanomaterials represents various advantages, including size, highly active surfaces, unique physico-chemical properties, and in some cases a controlled release of chemicals. In this context phyto-nanotechnology is growing and has promising application in agricultural aspects, such as use of soil remediation, antioxidants, adsorbents, nano-sensor for detection of soil quality, delivery of fertilizers and many others. Plants are very important components of the terrestrial eco-s…

Comparison of the Phytotoxkit microbiotest and chemical variables for toxicity evaluation of sediments

2006

The main objective of the research was to evaluate the suitability of the Phytotoxkit microbiotest as a tool for hazard assessment of sediments. The concentrations of oil derivatives, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were determined in sediment samples collected from the urban canal in Opole (Poland), in order to obtain a general insight of the level of sediment contamination. Phytotoxicity of sediments was estimated on the basis of seed germination and root elongation measurements, combined into an overall germination index (Gl). The results revealed spatial and vertical differentiation in sediment contamination. A good correlation …

The Antigerminative Activity of Twenty-Seven Monoterpenes

2010

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-28T14:11:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000282221100055.pdf: 183420 bytes, checksum: 31d5a1904cd2424113da7989e2e65f14 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:36:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 WOS000282221100055.pdf: 183420 bytes, checksum: 31d5a1904cd2424113da7989e2e65f14 (MD5) WOS000282221100055.pdf.txt: 26866 bytes, checksum: 653cedb4f682463998ef7f37cae8dd63 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:48:46Z No. of bitstreams: 2 WOS000282221100055.pdf: 183420 bytes, checksum: 31d5a1904cd2424113da7989e2e65f14 (MD5) WOS000282221100055.pdf.txt: 26866 bytes, ch…

Chemical Composition and Possible in Vitro Phytotoxic Activity of Helichrsyum italicum (Roth) Don ssp. italicum

2011

The chemical composition of the essential oil of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) Don ssp. italicum, collected in the National Park of Cilento and Diano Valley, Southern Italy, was studied by means of GC and GC/MS. Forty four compounds of 45 constituents were identified in the oil, mainly oxygenated sesquiterpenes. The essential oil was evaluated for its potential in vitro phytotoxic activity against germination and early radicle elongation of radish and garden cress. The radicle elongation of radish was significantly inhibited at the highest doses tested, while germination of both seeds was not affected.

Phytotoxic Lignans from Artemisia arborescens

2018

A systematic bioassay-guided fractionation of methylene chloride extracts of the aerial part of Artemisia arborescens was performed in order to identify its phytotoxic compounds Two lignans were isolated, sesamin and ashantin, that inhibited growth of Agrostis stolonifera (bentgrass), a monocot, and Lactuca sativa (lettuce), a dicot, at 1 mg mL–1. In a dose-response screening of these lignans for growth inhibition against Lemna paucicostata (duckweed), ashantin was the most active with an IC50 of ca. 224 μM. The mode of action of these compounds is still unknown. In mosquito larvicidal bioassays the pure compounds sesamin and ashantin did not cause mortality at the highest dose of 125 mg/L…

Phytotoxic Activities of Mediterranean Essential Oils

2010

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-28T14:12:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000279207300035.pdf: 281167 bytes, checksum: fc72a9258845b6d806e3ebbaf2617e52 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:36:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 WOS000279207300035.pdf: 281167 bytes, checksum: fc72a9258845b6d806e3ebbaf2617e52 (MD5) WOS000279207300035.pdf.txt: 48896 bytes, checksum: d8cd11d4997d3f23c1211486475739e1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:48:46Z No. of bitstreams: 2 WOS000279207300035.pdf: 281167 bytes, checksum: fc72a9258845b6d806e3ebbaf2617e52 (MD5) WOS000279207300035.pdf.txt: 48896 bytes, ch…

PHYTOTOXICITY OF HALLOYSITE SUPPORTED IONIC LIQUID-LIKE PHASE (HNT-SILLP) CATALYST ON RAPHANUS SATIVUS L.

2014

Nanotechnologies and nanomaterials are increasingly involved in the production of fillers, opacifiers, catalysts, semiconductors, cosmetics, microelectronic components and drug carriers with improved properties. Nevertheless, the production, use and disposal of nanomaterials, will inevitably lead to their release into the soil, with potential phytotoxicity on plants and negative impacts on economy, society and environment (1). In the last years halloysite nanotubes (HNT) emerged as promising materials with appealing perspective for technological applications. We have recently reported the generation of HNT derivatives carrying octylimidazolium moieties on the external surface (HNT supported…